The study has found the frequency and duration of re-ignition events vary depending on the type of HEV. In this study, emissions from two HEVs with different combustion technologies (gasoline direction injection vs port fuel injection) were compared using PEMS (portable emissions measurement system) and tailpipe sensors under cold weather conditions. However, it is known that on-road emissions can be quite different from that those measured on regulatory driving cycles in the lab. Current regulations require emissions to be tested on a chassis dynamometer. Hybrid electric vehicles have a potential to serve as a bridge technology between current internal combustion engine powered vehicles and zero emissions vehicles such as electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles. While sales of electric vehicles has been increasing, electric vehicles have to overcome issues with charging time, driving range, and production/sales cost for more widespread market penetration. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) plays an important role to reduce emissions. Mobile source emissions contribute to PM and NOx emissions significantly in urban areas. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) and pollutant gas (NOx) is associated with increased cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality.
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